JJ199500002000_000000_001T, 0000/00/00撮影, Public Domain

Evening by Lakeside

Title	Evening by Lakeside
Artist	川合玉堂　KAWAI Gyokudo
Date	1928
Medium	sumi on silk
Dimensions	54.3×87.0
Classification	Japanese-style Paintings
Accession Number	JJ199500002000
Summary	Gyokudo believed that the true heart of East Asian painting lies in the use of the brushed line and harmonies of ink, and through his teacher Hashimoto Gaho, studied the great old masters of earlier generations, from Japan’s Sesshu to Ma Yuan and Xia Gui of China’s Southern Song dynasty. In addition to studying old paintings, he also studied the idea of listening to the flow of nature with his heart and then depicting the true essence of nature from what he gleaned. His debut work, “Crescent Moon,” stepped away from the landscape style rooted in Chinese nature and presents a gentle, redolently Japanese scene. Except for the white applied to the slender crescent moon, the work is painted entirely in ink, and is filled with a rich array of ink styles, from the light gray of rolling hills and lakeshore to the light and dark ink of the trees on the right, to the detailed lines of the grasses and the thick lines of the rocks. The accent lines of the small leafless branches give a sense of spring about to burst. The figures hurrying home with baskets and poles fit well into the scene. This work can be said to represent Gyokudo’s overall characteristics.

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Native place	Aichi, JPN
Birth	1873
Dead place	Oume, Tokyo, JPN
Died	1957
Biography	Kawai Gyokudo was born in Sotowariden-mura, Haguri-gun (present-day Kisogawa-cho), Aichi Prefecture, and at the age of 8, moved with his family to Gifu City. At the age of 13, in 1887, he moved to Kyoto, where he studied the Maruyama school and Shijo school of painting under Mochizuki Gyokusen, and then with Kono Bairei. In 1895 Bairei died and Gyokudo encountered the works of Hashimoto Gaho at the 4th National Exposition for the Promotion of Industry, and was attracted to the firm structure found in Kano school works. The next year he moved to Tokyo to study with Gaho. He created a fusion of the ink-based methods learned in the Shijo school, the traditions of the Kano school and the realist views of the modern age as he established a richly poetic landscape painting style. He received a first prize for his “Crescent Moon” displayed in the 1907 Tokyo Exposition for the Promotion of Industry, and that year also became the youngest judge of the 1st Bunten exhibition. He became a professor at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts in 1915, and was awarded the Order of Cultural Merit in 1940. During that period, he created a large number of works filled with a sense of the seasonal changes, such as his “Parting Spring” (1916) and “Autumnal Shower over Red Leaves” (1940). In 1944 he was evacuated to Okutama, where he spent the rest of his life. There he lived with nature and continued to paint images of the nature and people around him.

Evening by Lakeside

KAWAI Gyokudo